Computer Basics: What Is a Computer?

By Riaktech

Computers are all around us from laptops and smartphones to smartwatches and even household appliances. They shape how we live, work, and connect every day. But have you ever wondered, what exactly is a computer?

What Is a Computer?

A computer is an electronic device that manipulates information, or data.
Although computers understand only ones and zeros (binary code), they can process this information to create incredible things like photos, movies, websites, and games.

The Two Main Components: Hardware and Software

Computers have two main parts: hardware and software.

• Hardware: The physical components of a computer, including both internal and external parts.
  Examples:
  
  

• CPU (Central Processing Unit)
  
  

• Monitor
  
  

• Keyboard
  
  

• Mouse
  
  

• Memory (RAM)
  
  

• Hard drive or SSD
  
  

• Software: The instructions or programs that tell the hardware what to do.
  Examples:
  
  

• Web browsers
  
  

• Word processors
  
  

• Media players
  
  

Together, hardware and software make computers useful and interactive.

Types of Personal Computers

When most people say “computer,” they usually mean a personal computer (PC).
There are two main styles:

• Desktop computers: Designed to stay on a desk, often with more power and upgrade options.
  
  

• Laptops: Portable computers that offer nearly the same performance in a compact design.
  
  

These devices operate using various systems:

• Windows OS – the most common operating system.
  
  

• macOS (Mac) – used on Apple computers.
  
  

• Chrome OS – runs on Chromebooks.

Other Devices with Computers Inside

Computers exist in more places than we think.
Devices like smartphones, tablets, game consoles, and even smart TVs or refrigerators all contain built-in computers that handle specific tasks.

These smaller systems often use mobile operating systems such as iOS or Android.

Servers: The Backbone of the Internet

A server is another type of computer that stores and shares data across a network.
When you browse the internet, web servers deliver the pages you request.
In offices, servers are used to store, manage, and share files, making teamwork efficient and secure.

The Role of Computers in Modern Life

From communication and education to entertainment and creativity, computers power almost every aspect of modern living. Whether on your desk or in your pocket, they continue to evolve helping us explore, create, and connect in ways once unimaginable.

Final Thoughts

Computers are more than just machines, they're the foundation of our digital world.
At Riaktech, we believe that understanding computer basics is the first step toward mastering technology and shaping a smarter future.